Signs and Symptoms
It is important to recognize that symptoms in Type I DM are acute and abrupt. Symptoms in Type II DM are gradual and chronic.
*Polyuria (dramatic increase in urinary output, with enuresis) *Polydipsia (increased thirst) *Polyphagia (increased hunger and food consumption) *Weight loss or failure to gain weight *Lack of energy/fatigue Dehydration +Abdominal pain (sometimes) +Vomiting (sometimes) Blurred vision Pruritis Mood changes/irritability Headache Flushed skin Poor wound healing Shortened attention span Frequent infections In Type II DM, specifically: acanthosis nigricans (a darkening of the skin at the neck and in skin folds (acanthosis nigricans). These skin changes only occur in type 2 diabetics because of insulin resistance [Plodkowski & Stanley, 2003]). *indicates a classic symptom of type I and II diabetes mellitus +symptoms may lead to misdiagnosis with gastroenteritis or appendicitis |
In severe cases during Diabetic Ketoacidosis symptoms will
include: -Drowsiness -Flushed cheeks -Cherry-red lips -Acetone breath with a fruity smell -Kussmaul breathing -Nausea and Vomiting ****Call 911 immediately if these symptoms occur http://www.videojug.com/interview/how-to-recognise-the-symptoms-of-diabetic-ketoacidosis Kussmaul respirations sound like a train. They are deep and
laborious. The respiratory system is "attempting to eliminate excess carbon dioxide to compensate for the metabolic acidosis" (Potts & Mandleco, 2007, p. 902). Video of patient with Kussmaul breathing and DKA (click on link) |
References:
Plodkowski, R. A. and Stanley, S. (2003). Differentiating between Type I and Type II Diabetes. Retrieved September 18, 2013, from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/449804
Plodkowski, R. A. and Stanley, S. (2003). Differentiating between Type I and Type II Diabetes. Retrieved September 18, 2013, from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/449804